Cross Layer NFTs
What Are Cross-layer NFTs?
A significant problem on the Ethereum platform and Layer 2 is the segmentation of assets, especially NFTs. NFTs stick to the layer that they have been created on and the problem leads to NFT silos. According to this problem, NFTs that were created on L2 cannot be withdrawn to L1.
Blockchain experts have designed a novel approach to deal with that problem called the cross-layer NFT. The solution is very important as we need to use cross-layer NFTs for decentralized applications and Web 3.0 tools.
Solution
The solution is to design a way for the transfer of NFTs across layers. Also, using this method, we can reduce the gas requirements by minting the NFTs on the blockchain network. This method lets users decide when they want to withdraw their desired NFTs to L1.
Pros & Cons of the Solution
Pros
Allows any blockchain user to claim an NFT on another layer.
The user of layer 2 can withdraw an NFT and have an equivalent NFT created on layer 1 without duplication.
The users have the option to transfer NFTs created on the blockchain ecosystem at any time from one layer to another.
Project owners can extend their NFTs to multiple rollups.
The method is significantly a low-cost solution and it provides speed and ease of use.
Cons
The owner has to create an equivalent NFT contract on all supported layers.
We have only the option to move NFTs from L2 to the coordinator chain (L1) and back. NFTs cannot be moved from layer 2 to layer 2 directly.
There are higher costs for moving NFTs among rollups. It’s because of the involvement of two layer-1 transactions (withdrawal and deposit).
There are some technical complexities to connecting different layers to move NFTs .
Let’s Check the Diagram
Here is a representation of the solution, helping you get the idea. Making use of this method, users can have their NFT contracts on both blockchain layers and withdraw/deposit at any time they want.
Initializing the NFT contract
Stage 1 shows that the owner should provision the L1_NFT_Collection with the deployed L2_NFT_Collection. In this case, the owner must specify the following information:
Address of the
L2_NFT_CollectionChain ID of the
L2_NFT_CollectionLocation of the NFT, mapping of the Chain ID by the NFT ID
The range of allocated NFTs, for example, 1-100, 60-61, etc.
The data structure is as follows:
mapping(chainid=>address) addresses;
mapping(rangeid => chainid) range_loc;
The NFT contracts and deposit contracts must be created before proceeding. Note that the range is a unit of 1000 NFTs. The rangeid 0 means NFT #0 to NFT #999.
Claiming the NFT on Layer 2
According to stage 2, users can claim the NFT by specifying the NFT ID. The L2_NFT_Collection contract is used to verify the ID assignment and mint the NFT accordingly.
Users can transfer NFTs using this process within the rollup that makes the idea of cross-platform NFTs real.
Withdrawing an NFT
Cross-platform NFT withdrawal is performed in a 4-level process as stated below:
Stage 3: Users can send a transaction request to the
L2_NFT_Collectioncontract. This process will initiate the NFT withdrawal to a target recipient on Layer 1.Stage 4:
L2_Depositcontract is used to keep the deposited NFT. The NFT is locked here for later retrieval if necessary in the future.Stage 5: The locked NFT triggers a cross-message to the
L1_NFT_Collectioncontract. This message allows the designated recipient to mint or withdraw the NFT on layer 1 if needed in the future. Keep the following points in mind in terms of stage 5:A new record in the
L1_NFT_Collectioncontract will be added to update the chain ownership of the particular NFT. The data structure ismapping(id => chainid) nft_loc;whichnft_localways overridesrange_loc.In order to determine the actual chain ownership of an NFT, the logic should always check
nft_locfirst and thenrange_locin the casenft_loc[id]returns 0.If the NFT was previously minted on layer 1, the user can get it with the updated metadata and its updated
nft_loc. This situation occurs when an NFT has been withdrawn to layer 1 before.
Stage 6: The recipient can claim the NFT by giving the NFT ID.
(Re)Depositing NFT Process on Layer 2
The depositing or redepositing process on layer 2 consists of 3 main stages. The process starts with sending a transaction to the L1_NFT_collection contract and ends with claiming or minting the NFT on L1:
Stage 7: Users can send a transaction to the
L1_NFT_Collectionsmart contract. This transaction initiates the transition to a target recipient on a target layer 2 rollup platform.Stage 8: The NFT gets deposited into the
L1_Depositcontract and the NFT is locked for a later retrieval process.Stage 9: The locked NFT triggers a cross-message to the
L2_NFT_Collectioncontract. So, the message allows users to mint or claim the NFT on layer 2 by giving the NFT ID. In this stage, note some points:If the NFT was already created and deposited to the target rollup, users can get it with the updated metadata.
The
L1_NFT_Collectioncontract hasnft_locupdated to reflect and respect the updated chain ownership of the NFT.
Sequence Diagrams
The following sequence diagrams give you full insight into cross-platform NFTs and the process of claiming, withdrawing, and depositing cross-platform NFTs.
Provisioning
Layer 1 => Layer 2
Layer 2 => Layer 1
Extensions
We can reduce transactions’ costs using a rollup by tracking chain ownership. A rollup platform can be used in this case to manage and explore the chain’s ownership. Using this solution, a transaction’s cost on the blockchain layer can be significantly reduced. The method can be applied to the L1 blockchain and it helps us reduce costs like other rollups in some ways.
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